'The next generation fast breeder reactors (FBR) using plutonium (instead of uranium) are ready. The first FBR will be up next year, and four more by 2020.'

By that time, India will be ready to move third generation nuclear power stations, using thorium, Chidambaram predicted, 'though it still needs a great deal of research and development'. He expected India with its vast thorium reserves to become a global leader in this form of technology.

Tackling one of the major concerns about India's nuclear power programme, the question of safety, Chidambaram pointed out: 'Next generation reactors have inherent positive safety features that do not need human intervention.'

TERI head and chairman of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change R.K. Pachauri said safety levels in Indian nuclear power stations had improved in recent years. 'It is now a challenge of communication. The public perception should be based on reality and not on vague fears.'