Webber and Raikkonen pitted with 51 laps remaining and both drivers nearly clashed after the Red Bull driver was released into the path of the Finn's Ferrari.
Raikkonen exited ahead of Webber, who was also briefly behind Rosberg before regaining his place on the Williams driver.
Vettel's race ended with 41 laps remaining after problems with his front suspension caused by the collision with Raikkonen.
Raikkonen had trouble finding a gear when leaving the pits after his second stop with 25 laps to go but still returned safely while Hamilton pitted a lap later, returning in top spot ahead of Webber, who came in for his final stop with 20 laps to go, returning in front of Rosberg.
Holding a comfortable lead, Hamilton was able to ease his McLaren home for a first race win since the Chinese GP in October 2008.
Toro Rosso's Jaime Alguersuari safely concluded his first GP to become the youngest-ever driver to compete in Formula One after replacing Sebasiten Bourdais mid-season at the Red Bull sister team.